mongodb集群部署

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环境准备

hostname IP 角色
mongodb-cluster-1 10.200.112.104 primary
mongodb-cluster-2 10.200.112.64 secondary
mongodb-cluster-3 10.200.112.96 secondary

单机环境部署

安装

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# wget https://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.18.tgz
# tar xf mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.18.tgz -C /usr/local/
# mv /usr/local/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.18/ /usr/local/mongodb
# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mongodb/bin" >> /etc/profile

配置

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# mkdir /usr/local/mongodb/{conf,data}
# vi /usr/local/mongodb/conf/mongo.conf
systemLog:
 destination: file
 path: /var/log/mongodb.log
 logAppend: true
 logRotate: rename
storage:
 journal:
  enabled: true
 dbPath: /usr/local/mongodb/data/
 directoryPerDB: true
 engine: wiredTiger
 wiredTiger:
  engineConfig:
   cacheSizeGB: 1
   directoryForIndexes: true
  collectionConfig:
   blockCompressor: zlib
  indexConfig:
   prefixCompression: true
processManagement:
 fork: true
 pidFilePath: /usr/local/mongodb/mongodb.pid
net:
 port: 27017
security:
 authorization: enabled
 keyFile: /usr/local/mongodb/conf/mongodb-keyfile
# openssl rand -base64 123 > /usr/local/mongodb/conf/mongodb-keyfile
# chmod 600 /usr/local/mongodb/conf/mongodb-keyfile

启动服务

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# mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/conf/mongo.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 2830
child process started successfully, parent exiting
# netstat -lntp|grep 27017
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:27017     0.0.0.0:*      LISTEN      2830/mongod

管理mongodb

创建管理员用户

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# mongo
> use admin
switched to db admin
> db.createUser({user: "admin",pwd: "Boliv1a",roles: [ { role: "root", db: "admin" }]});
Successfully added user: {
        "user" : "admin",
        "roles" : [
                {
                        "role" : "root",
                        "db" : "admin"
                }
        ]
}
> db.auth('admin','Boliv1a')
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> db.stats()
{
        "db" : "admin",
        "collections" : 2,
        "views" : 0,
        "objects" : 3,
        "avgObjSize" : 129.33333333333334,
        "dataSize" : 388,
        "storageSize" : 49152,
        "numExtents" : 0,
        "indexes" : 4,
        "indexSize" : 98304,
        "ok" : 1
}

创建数据库

创建数据库使用use DATABASE_NAME（需要插入数据才会显示出来）。如果数据库不存在，则创建数据库，否则切换到指定数据库。

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> use vnimos
switched to db vnimos
vnimos:PRIMARY> show dbs
admin  0.000GB
local  0.000GB
vnimos:PRIMARY> db.vnimos.insert({"id":"1"})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
vnimos:PRIMARY> show dbs
admin   0.000GB
local   0.000GB
vnimos  0.000GB
vnimos:PRIMARY> db.vnimos.find().pretty()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c24744dada1f2f00348795a"), "id" : "1" }

集群环境部署

其他两台需要先部署完成单机环境

配置[所有节点执行]

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# vi /usr/local/mongodb/conf/mongo.conf
replication:
 oplogSizeMB: 512
 replSetName: vnimos
# restart

初始化副本集[primary节点执行]

初始化副本集之前必须确保其他节点上的数据是空的，否则会报CannotInitializeNodeWithData的错误

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# mongo --port 27017 -u admin -p Boliv1a --authenticationDatabase admin
> config = {
    _id: "vnimos",
    members: [{
        _id: 0,
        host: "10.200.112.104:27017"
    }, {
        _id: 1,
        host: "10.200.112.64:27017"
    }, {
        _id: 2,
        host: "10.200.112.96:27017"
    }]
}
> rs.initiate(config);
{ "ok" : 1 }

连接MongoDB副本集

MongoDB副本集里Primary节点是不固定的，当遇到副本集轮转升级、Primary宕机、网络分区等场景时，副本集可能会选举出一个新的Primary，而原来的Primary则会降级为Secondary，即发生主备切换。

通过以下方式将自动连接到Primary

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# /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongo mongodb://"10.200.112.104:27017,10.200.112.64:27017,10.200.112.96:27017"/?replicaSet=vnimos -u admin -p Boliv1a --authenticationDatabase admin
vnimos:PRIMARY> rs.isMaster()
{
        "hosts" : [
                "10.200.112.104:27017",
                "10.200.112.64:27017",
                "10.200.112.96:27017"
        ],
        "setName" : "vnimos",
        "setVersion" : 1,
        "ismaster" : true,
        "secondary" : false,
        "primary" : "10.200.112.104:27017",
        "me" : "10.200.112.104:27017",
        "electionId" : ObjectId("7fffffff0000000000000004"),
        "lastWrite" : {
                "opTime" : {
                        "ts" : Timestamp(1545900033, 1),
                        "t" : NumberLong(4)
                },
                "lastWriteDate" : ISODate("2018-12-27T08:40:33Z")
        },
        "maxBsonObjectSize" : 16777216,
        "maxMessageSizeBytes" : 48000000,
        "maxWriteBatchSize" : 1000,
        "localTime" : ISODate("2018-12-27T08:40:34.252Z"),
        "maxWireVersion" : 5,
        "minWireVersion" : 0,
        "readOnly" : false,
        "ok" : 1
}

副本集相关参数

  • arbiterOnly
    Arbiter节点只参与投票（仲裁），不能被选为Primary，并且不从Primary同步数据
  • hidden
    Hidden节点不能被选为主（Priority为0），并且对Driver不可见。
  • priority
    Primary选择的优先级。Priority为0节点不会被选举为Primary
  • votes
    Mongodb 3.0之后，复本集成员最多50个，参与Primary选举投票的成员最多7个，其他成员的vote属性必须设置为0，即不参与投票。
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vnimos:PRIMARY> rs.config()
{
        "_id" : "vnimos",
        "version" : 1,
        "protocolVersion" : NumberLong(1),
        "members" : [
                {
                        "_id" : 0,
                        "host" : "10.200.112.104:27017",
                        "arbiterOnly" : false,
                        "buildIndexes" : true,
                        "hidden" : false,
                        "priority" : 1,
                        "tags" : {

                        },
                        "slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0),
                        "votes" : 1
                },
                {
                        "_id" : 1,
                        "host" : "10.200.112.64:27017",
                        "arbiterOnly" : false,
                        "buildIndexes" : true,
                        "hidden" : false,
                        "priority" : 1,
                        "tags" : {

                        },
                        "slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0),
                        "votes" : 1
                },
                {
                        "_id" : 2,
                        "host" : "10.200.112.96:27017",
                        "arbiterOnly" : false,
                        "buildIndexes" : true,
                        "hidden" : false,
                        "priority" : 1,
                        "tags" : {

                        },
                        "slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0),
                        "votes" : 1
                }
        ],
        "settings" : {
                "chainingAllowed" : true,
                "heartbeatIntervalMillis" : 2000,
                "heartbeatTimeoutSecs" : 10,
                "electionTimeoutMillis" : 10000,
                "catchUpTimeoutMillis" : 60000,
                "getLastErrorModes" : {

                },
                "getLastErrorDefaults" : {
                        "w" : 1,
                        "wtimeout" : 0
                },
                "replicaSetId" : ObjectId("5c246af1c2c0a20795d077cb")
        }
}
vnimos:PRIMARY>  db.printSlaveReplicationInfo()
source: 10.200.112.64:27017
        syncedTo: Thu Dec 27 2018 14:31:09 GMT+0800 (CST)
        0 secs (0 hrs) behind the primary 
source: 10.200.112.96:27017
        syncedTo: Thu Dec 27 2018 14:31:09 GMT+0800 (CST)
        0 secs (0 hrs) behind the primary

默认情况下，Secondary是不提供服务的，即不能读写，会提示：NotMasterNoSlaveOk。
如果需要读的话则要执行rs.slaveOk() ，只对当前连接有效。

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vnimos:SECONDARY> show dbs
2018-12-27T14:33:17.525+0800 E QUERY    [thread1] Error: listDatabases failed:{
        "ok" : 0,
        "errmsg" : "not master and slaveOk=false",
        "code" : 13435,
        "codeName" : "NotMasterNoSlaveOk"
} :
vnimos:SECONDARY> rs.slaveOk()
vnimos:SECONDARY> show dbs
admin   0.000GB
local   0.000GB
vnimos  0.000GB

备份

备份所有数据库

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# mongodump -h "vnimos/10.200.112.104:27017,10.200.112.64:27017,10.200.112.96:2701" -u admin -p Boliv1a --authenticationDatabase admin -o /root/backup

备份指定数据库

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# mongodump -h "vnimos/10.200.112.104:27017,10.200.112.64:27017,10.200.112.96:2701" -u admin -p Boliv1a --authenticationDatabase admin -d vnimos -o /root/backup

恢复

恢复所有数据库

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# mongorestore -h "vnimos/10.200.112.104:27017,10.200.112.64:27017,10.200.112.96:2701" -u admin -p Boliv1a --authenticationDatabase admin  /root/backup

恢复指定数据库

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# mongorestore -h "vnimos/10.200.112.104:27017,10.200.112.64:27017,10.200.112.96:2701" -u admin -p Boliv1a --authenticationDatabase admin -d vnimos /root/backup/vnimos/
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